Comprehensive history of Vedanta philosophy and its various philosophical schools.

Este trabajo evalúa y analiza la experiencia del aburrimiento en la sociedad contemporánea. Toma como punto de partida las consideraciones schopenhauerianas sobre la voluntad, el ciclo del sufrimiento y el aburrimiento. Posteriormente, observa de qué manera lo anterior está anclado, en la actualidad, a las formas espaciales y temporales que se despliegan con el establecimiento del capitalismo. Se argumenta que el aburrimiento, en esta configuración específica, tiene un carácter dual: el capitalismo es un excelente pasatiempo, pero también tiene un componente (...) de aburrilidad, que hace que estemos permanentemente sumergidas en un ciclo similar —y a la vez distinto en muchas formas— del que había propuesto Schopenhauer. Se propone un ejercicio hermenéutico de varios pasajes de El Mundo como voluntad y representación, y a la vez se articula un intento fenomenológico de “ir a la experiencia misma del aburrimiento”. Finalmente, la conclusión incluye una breve reflexión sobre el aburrimiento durante el COVID- 19. (shrink)

This article aims to analyze the discussion of justice in Book I of Plato's Republic. At first, it should be noted that the way Book I is built makes it very close to the Platonic dialogues of the youth, the controversy remaining in relation to its writing as an independent text or preface deliberately elaborated. In Book I Plato maps the common meanings of justice and deconstructs them in an intellectual path that responds to the traditional notions of morality and (...) to the already degenerated political perspective of the sophists. With this, it signals the need to transcend the domains of mere opinion, in the name of a superior foundation for justice, universal and with a rational seal. The process of conceptual purification and contextual delimitation perpetrated in the first Book helps to understand the complex ethical, metaphysical and political-educational reflections of the Republic, reason that leads us to infer the essentially propaedeutic character with which Book I it was elaborated. (shrink)

Academic dishonesty and cheating by students has become endemic in higher education. In this article, we conducted a study on undergraduate business students (n = 162) to examine the impact of business ethics education and ethics training on student attitudes towards academic dishonesty as well as their cheating behaviors. We found that business ethics education in conjunction with business ethics training had a positive impact on students’ attitudes towardsacademic dishonesty and cheating; however there was no significant impact of either business (...) ethics education or training on actual cheating behaviors. In our discussion we suggest some implications of our findings, and make some suggestions about future research directions. (shrink)

Academic dishonesty and cheating by students has become endemic in higher education. In this article, we conducted a study on undergraduate business students (n = 162) to examine the impact of business ethics education and ethics training on student attitudes towards academic dishonesty as well as their cheating behaviors. We found that business ethics education in conjunction with business ethics training had a positive impact on students’ attitudes towardsacademic dishonesty and cheating; however there was no significant impact of either business (...) ethics education or training on actual cheating behaviors. In our discussion we suggest some implications of our findings, and make some suggestions about future research directions. (shrink)

En incluant dans sa typologie de la plurivocalité les musiques dites exotiques, Weber, dès les années 1910, adopte une perspective universaliste - ce qui, pour l'époque, était inhabituel. Près d'un siècle plus tard, un ethnomusicologue se livre à une lecture critique du chapitre qui leur est consacré dans la Sociologie de la musique. La confrontation de la classification wébérienne avec les typologies les plus récentes fait apparaître que presque tout y converge. Si certains points théoriques appellent des réserves, il n'en (...) demeure pas moins que Weber était un précurseur. (shrink)

This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on academic dishonesty and cheating. The different kinds of cheating behaviors and the factors associated with them are delineated and described. Suggestions are provided on how to take corrective and proactive decisions to control and thereby reduce academic dishonesty and cheating.

In this paper, we examine the relationships between three of the Big 5 personality traits and willingness to justify unethical behavior. We also consider the moderating relationship of four of the GLOBE cultural dimensions on the above relationship. We tested our propositions on a sample of 38,655 individuals from 23 different countries obtained from the latest data available from the World Values Survey Group’s survey. We found that conscientiousness and agreeableness were both negatively associated with willingness to justify unethical behavior. (...) We also conducted Hierarchical Linear Modeling and found significant interaction effects of selected GLOBE cultural dimensions on the relationships between personality traits and willingness to justify unethical behavior. We provide managerial implications of our findings, as well as suggestions for future research. (shrink)

The name of the second author was incorrect in the initial online publication. The original article has been corrected.

This article studies undergraduate students journeys in volunteering, and details the motivations of and challenges that these volunteers face during the journey. We conducted five focus groups on a total of 38 undergraduate volunteers, and obtained seven themes as we undertook an investigation of our three research questions. Our findings revolved around these seven themes, which ranged from motivations to experiences to challenges. Our findings have helped us understand the motivations and challenges that undergraduate volunteers have and face during the (...) journey of volunteering. Some of these challenges are particular to a university setting, but some others can certainly be generalized to other settings. Recommendations for future research are also included. (shrink)

The Bhagavad Gita is one of the most ancient, venerated and popular religious texts originating from India.1 It provides an excellent insight into the tenets of Hinduism. The Bhagavad Gita was originally a part of the Mahabharata,2 and was essentially a dialogue about ethical dilemmas and moral philosophies between a teacher (Krishna) and a disciple (Arjuna). It is considered one of the foundational and most important books in Hinduism. The text provides a synthesis of spiritualism and dharmic ideas, and this (...) text has found widespread acceptance across India, and in regions where there is a strong presence of an Indian diaspora or individuals who have embraced Hinduism. There are several words and sentences in the Bhagavad Gita that are of pertinence to ethics in general, but I believe that there is one in particular, that has a great degree of fit with medical ethics. I refer to the word amanitvam. This word amanitvam refers to humility, and it refers to a concept that Krishna advised Arjuna to embody. I strongly believe that this particular word is deeply applicable in a medical ethics context, and indeed, may help physicians become more …. (shrink)

Notre science ne saurait être qu’inachevable et infondable. Qu’implique cette situation du discours scientifique selon Pascal? Et quelles significations, existentielles et épistémologiques, accorder au recours inévitable à la « nature »? En quoi la nature est-elle en nous relais du discours?

La notion d’expérience transcendantale correspond dans l’œuvre de Husserl à une reprise radicalement nouvelle du projet classique d’une philosophie première, autre terme employé pour désigner la métaphysique en tant que recherche sur le sens de l’être et sur les principes premiers de sa connaissance. Une telle notion correspond très précisément à ce que Husserl appelle la réflexion phénoménologique transcendantale. Dans ses Méditations cartésiennes, il en livre à la fois le projet et la signi...

Study on asceticism based on Upanishads.

Life and teachings of Vallabhācārya, 1479-1531?, leader of the Vallabhachars, Vaishnava sect, and exponent of the Śuddhādvaita school in Hindu philosophy.

Background: Nursing turnover is a very serious problem, and nursing managers need to be aware of how ethical climates are associated with turnover intention. Objectives: The article explored the effects of ethical climates on nurses’ turnover intention, mediated through trust in their organization. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 285 nurses from three Indian hospitals was conducted to test the research model. Various established Likert-type scales were used to measure ethical climates, turnover intention and trust in organization. Hierarchical regression analysis and (...) mediation analysis were used to test the model. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis and mediation analysis were used to test the model. The indirect effect of benevolent ethical climate on turnover intention through trust in organization was –0.20 with a 95% bootstrap confidence interval of lower level = –0.31 and upper level = –0.01. The indirect effect of principled ethical climate on turnover intention through trust in organization was –0.39 with a 95% bootstrap confidence interval of lower level = –0.58 and upper level = –0.17. Ethical considerations: The study adheres to the ethical standards recommended by the American Psychological Association for conducting research with informed consent, confidentiality and privacy. Conclusion: Both benevolent and principled ethical climates decreased turnover intention indirectly through trust in organization. Only principled ethical climates were directly associated with turnover intention. Our results suggest that nurse managers and leaders should try and establish principled and benevolent climates in order to engender trust in organization and to reduce turnover intention. (shrink)

Study on the concept of cognition and metaphysical theory of causation in Vedanta school in Hindu philosophy.

Academic dishonesty has been a frequent topic of research and discussion. In this article, we examine the differences between student volunteers and student non-volunteers in terms of their attitudes towards academic dishonesty as well as their cheating behaviors. We found that student volunteers held more serious attitudes towards cheating and academic dishonesty than did student non-volunteers; however there were not many significant differences between student volunteers and student non-volunteers when it came to cheating behaviors. We finally provide some suggestions for (...) future research in the topic of academic dishonesty. (shrink)

Study of inference in Jaina and Buddhist logic.

On ancient Indian education with reference to Brahmanical and Buddhist education system.

Study on the fundamentals of Jaina philosophy and spiritualism.

L’idéalisme critique de Brunschvicg ne cherche pas à construire un système, mais à dégager le sens de la confrontation de l’invention spirituelle et du caractère imprévisible des événements provoqués par l’expérience. Cette orientation qui caractérise sa philosophie des sciences trouve son moment réflexif dans une philosophie de l’esprit dont le champ ne se limite pas aux formes et aux étapes de la conscience scientifique, mais s’étend aux formes de la conscience religieuse. On dévoile ainsi le sens pratique ultime de l’idéalisme (...) brunschvicgien, qui va au-delà de l’examen critique des formes historiques et institutionnelles de conscience religieuse. Il ne craint pas de proclamer l’identité de sens du progrès de l’esprit scientifique et de l’idée d’une religion pure, affranchie des mirages du réalisme. (shrink)

" L'expérience esthétique, n'est autonome, écrit Adorno, que lorsqu'elle se débarrasse du goût culinaire, la voie qui y conduit passe par le désintéressement.... ", à ce lointain écho de la rupture transcendantale au sein de l'Esthétique du goût, à ce déni pur et simple de la sensibilité et du plaisir " sensuel et grossier ", comme principes du goût, on préfèrera, ici, une présentation non morale, ou non kantienne, de la notion de goût ; une réflexion qui, de Voltaire et (...) Montesquieu à Brillat-Savarin, prend en compte le goût " lui-même " et non seulement sa métaphore ; on cherchera le raffinement et la délicatesse du goût non seulement dans les sphères supérieures de l'existence, mais aussi dans les relations primordiales de la vie, celle de la consommation, de la préparation et de la production, ainsi que le voulait Charles Fourier, (beau) frère de Brillat-Savarin. Dans les deux essais, ici étudiés, s'impose, en effet, la dimension organique et sensuelle mais néanmoins esthétique du goût, dans les choses de la nature et de l'art. L'Essai sur le goût de Montesquieu et La Physiologie du goût de Brillat-Savarin, témoignent, dans des domaines distincts mais étroitement liés, de l'Esthétique comme " science de la sensibilité ". Par leur rapprochement, on entend montrer que le goût n'est pas une " chose mentale " mais l'affaire de tous les sens, que l'âme qui goûte est l'âme qui sent. On cherchera à dépasser le divorce, qui semble s'être installé, entre le jugement esthétique et le plaisir esthétique, on tentera par là, de restaurer la continuité entre les deux pôles de la sensibilité gustative et de redonner, par une réévaluation du goût culinaire, une assise réelle, vitale et réconfortante à la notion de goût, comme sentiment délicat. (shrink)

On the fundamentals of Advaita Vedanta philosophy with reference to Indic philosophy.

Comprehensive study of post-Śaṅkarācārya main traditions of Vedanta in Indic philosophy.

This study examines perceptions of ethical climate and ethical practices in a sample of Polish organizations and the relationship between ethical climate and behaviors believed to be associated with successful managers. A survey of Polish managerial employees (N = 200) indicated that “efficiency” was the most reported, and “professionalism” was the least reported ethical climate type. A majority of the respondents (61.5 %) perceived successful managers as being ethical, and in particular, those that believed that their organization had a “professionalism” (...) and “independence” climate perceived a strong positive link between success and ethical behavior. Implications of these findings are then discussed. (shrink)

This paper deals with designing a harvesting control strategy for a predator–prey dynamical system, with parametric uncertainties and exogenous disturbances. A feedback control law for the harvesting rate of the predator is formulated such that the population dynamics is asymptotically stabilized at a positive operating point, while maintaining a positive, steady state harvesting rate. The hierarchical block strict feedback structure of the dynamics is exploited in designing a backstepping control law, based on Lyapunov theory. In order to account for unknown (...) parameters, an adaptive control strategy has been proposed in which the control law depends on an adaptive variable which tracks the unknown parameter. Further, a switching component has been incorporated to robustify the control performance against bounded disturbances. Proofs have been provided to show that the proposed adaptive control strategy ensures asymptotic stability of the dynamics at a desired operating point, as well as exact parameter learning in the disturbance-free case and learning with bounded error in the disturbance prone case. The dynamics, with uncertainty in the death rate of the predator, subjected to a bounded disturbance has been simulated with the proposed control strategy. (shrink)

In this study, we used the framework of institutional anomie theory The future of anomie theory, Northeastern University Press, Boston, 1997) to examine the relationship between supervisors’ ethics and their personal value orientation, including achievement and pecuniary materialism. We further investigated whether these individual-level associations were moderated by societal factors consisting of income inequality, government efficiency, foreign competition, and technological advancement. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze data of 16,464 supervisors from 42 nations obtained from the 2010–2014 wave of (...) the World Values Survey. Results showed that strong achievement value orientation was positively related to willingness to justify ethically suspect behaviors; government efficiency and technological advancement, respectively, had negative and positive moderating effects on this relationship. On the other hand, foreign competition had a positive moderating effect on the association between pecuniary materialism and ethicality. (shrink)

الدلالة المشتركة منهج علمي يحتوي على المنهج الصوتي يشمل و حدة اللغة من حيث البناء والمعنى.

On the proofs of existance of God according to Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, 1641.

The global impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is tremendous on human life, not only affecting the physical and mental health of population but also impacting the economic system of countries and individual itself. The present situation demands prompt response toward COVID-19 by equipping the humans with strategies to overcome the infection and stress associated with it. These strategies must not only be limited to preventive and therapeutic measures, but also aim at improving immunity and mental health. This can be (...) achieved by yogic breathing techniques. In this perspective, we emphasize the importance of yogic breathing,Simha KriyaandIsha kriya, the simple yet effective breathing techniques. (shrink)

The bond of faith that man has established with his creator was realized through the prophet. The problem of anti-prophecy, which is widely experienced at the intellectual level with its dimensions affecting our age, corresponds to a serious belief problem. The principles known via prophecy in monotheistic religions are summarized as beliefs in Allah, prophecy, and afterlife. The theology of monotheistic religions emerged within the framework determined by the prophethood. As a result, the prophethood, as the starting point of religion, (...) appears as the most accurate way to obtain information about God and the afterlife. An anti-prophetic attitude has been observed in the anti-religious circles and names renowned for it have been seen in the historical path. This anti-prophetic attitude seen in the Iranian origin dualist traditions and in the Indian origin belief circles of Barāhima and Buddhism living in the lands acquired as a result of the Islamic conquests, has led to serious debates in the Islamic society. Scholars who wrote polemical works against them produced answers by staying in the scope of reason. In these works, which stand out with their erudition, the institution of prophethood in the person of the Prophet Muhammad is supported by historical and traditional arguments and then by verses of the Qurʾān. The basic arguments of the prophethood called ‘hujaj and a‘lām’ are included in apologetic works of the early period, which are mainly based on the traditional evidence of prophethood accepted by the People of the Book. The Works aiming to demonstrate the propehthood in muslim thought until the classical period diveded into two groups in terms of content. Firstly : works that deal with prophethood only through traditional evidence and narrations that narrate miracles and similar wonderful events that took place in the hands of the messenger. Secondly, works aiming to prove prophethood in historical and sociological terms, along with its traditional evidence. In the following period, scholars whose main purpose is to systematically prove the prophethood continued their writing activities on the same subject. During this activity, a special literary genre named Dalāʾil al-nubuwwa was formed in the literature. This article aims to introduce the essential examples of Dalāʾil al-nubuwwa Works, written against the anti-prophetic challenges emerged in the second century of the hijra and gradualy increased during the third and fourth centuries of the hijra and focus on their place and importance in the literature. (shrink)